Battle of Jerusalem - Though Israel had captured Jerusalem in the time of the judges, they did not hold it for long.  Only after David became king did he capture it and it remained in the hands of Israel (and later Judah) for as long as the kingdom existed.  David also made it his capital, and to this day, it is known as the "City of David."  Refer also to the "Jerusalem" entry on the World History timeline for more information.

"Now the king and his men went to Jerusalem against the Jebusites, the inhabitants of the land, and they said to David, 'You shall not come in here, but the blind and lame will turn you away'; thinking, 'David cannot enter here.'  Nevertheless, David captured the stronghold of Zion, that is the city of David.  David said on that day, 'Whoever would strike the Jebusites, let him reach the lame and the blind, who are hated by David's soul, through the water tunnel.'  Therefore they say, 'The blind or the lame shall not come into the house.'  So David lived in the stronghold and called it the city of David.  And David built all around from the Millo and inward." (II Samuel 5:6-9, NASB)