Troy - The site of the most famous war of the Bronze Age (arguably of all antiquity).  For centuries it was thought to be a mythological war because of the fantastic exploits of the heroes who fought in it, as recounted by the Greek bard Homer.  Then in 1871 a German businessman, named Heinrich Schliemann, who was obsessed with the Trojan War, began to excavate the site (known as Hissarlik).  He is considered a pioneer of archaeology (although his methods were very crude and destructive).  Finally though, after years of digging, he unearthed a city destroyed by war and thought to be Troy.